# Here’s a List of Nobel Prize Winners in Chemistry

URL: https://sciencestruck.com/chemistry/list-of-nobel-prize-winners-in-chemistry
Category: Chemistry
Published: 2013-05-30T03:41:00
Updated: 2013-05-30T03:41:00
The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences annually awards the Nobel Prize to scientists, who have made valuable contributions in the field of chemistry. Here are the scientists, who find their names in the esteemed list of winners.

“It is my earnest desire that some of you should carry on this scientific work and keep for your ambition the determination to make a permanent contribution to science.” **\- Marie Curie**

Alfred Nobel, the inventor of ‘Dynamite’, was the mastermind behind starting Nobel Prizes to honor the great achievements in some subjects, chemistry being one of them. While signing his last will and testament on November 27, 1895, he kept a large share of his fortune for Nobel Prizes. Since the year 1901, Nobel Prizes are being awarded, and each award consists of a personal diploma, a medal, and cash prize.

From 1901 to 2012, a total 105 awards have been awarded, of which 63 have been given to one laureate, 23 have been shared by two laureates, and 19 by three laureates. Since the Nobel Prize started, in all 166 honorees in the field of Chemistry have been awarded till date. Frederick Sanger was the only one to receive this honor twice; so a total of 165 individuals have received this award for their extraordinary work. Check out the following list of Nobel laureates, who have been bestowed with this honor.  
  
_Source: Nobelprize.org_

## List of Laureates

### 1901-1920

**Name - Jacobus Henricus van ‘t Hoff**  
**Country -** Netherlands  
**Awarded for -** Discovery of the laws of chemical dynamics and osmotic pressure in solutions

**1901**

**Name - Hermann Emil Fischer**  
**Country -** Germany  
**Awarded for -** Work on sugar and purine synthesis

**1902**

**Name - Svante August Arrhenius**  
**Country -** Sweden  
**Awarded for -** Electrolytic theory of dissociation

**1903**

**Name - Sir William Ramsay**  
**Country -** United Kingdom  
**Awarded for -** Discovery of inert gaseous elements in air and their places in the periodic table

**1904**

**Name - Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Adolf von Baeyer**  
**Country -** Germany  
**Awarded for -** Work on organic dyes and hydroaromatic compounds

**1905**

**Name - Henri Moissan**  
**Country -** France  
**Awarded for -** Isolation of fluorine element

**1906**

**Name - Eduard Buchner**  
**Country -** Germany  
**Awarded for -** Discovery of cell-free fermentation

**1907**

**Name - Ernest Rutherford**  
**Country -** New Zealand/United Kingdom  
**Awarded for -** Investigations into the disintegration of the elements, chemistry of radioactive substances

**1908**

**Name - Wilhelm Ostwald**  
**Country -** Germany  
**Awarded for -** Work on catalysis and investigations into the fundamental principles bearing chemical equilibria and rates of reaction

**1909**

**Name - Otto Wallach**  
**Country -** Germany  
**Awarded for -** Work on alicyclic compounds

**1910**

**Name - Marie Curie**  
**Country -** Poland/France  
**Awarded for -** Discovery of radium and polonium

**1911**

**Name - Victor Grignard**  
**Country -** France  
**Awarded for -** Discovery of the Grignard reagent  

**1912**

**Name - Paul Sabatier**  
**Country -** France  
**Awarded for -** Method of hydrogenating organic compounds

**1912**

**Name - Alfred Werner**  
**Country -** Switzerland  
**Awarded for -** Work on the linkage of atoms in molecules

**1913**

**Name - Theodore William Richards**  
**Country -** United States  
**Awarded for -** Determination of atomic weight of many chemical elements

**1914**

**Name - Richard Martin Willstätter**  
**Country -** Germany  
**Awarded for -** Research on plant pigments - chlorophyll

**1915**

**Name - Fritz Haber  
Country -** Germany**Awarded for -** Synthesis of ammonia

**1918**

**Name - Walther Hermann Nernst  
Country -** Germany**Awarded for -** Work in thermochemistry

**1920**

### 1921-1939

**Name - Frederick Soddy**  
**Country -** United Kingdom  
**Awarded for -** Investigations into the origin and nature of isotopes

**1921**

**Name - Francis William Aston**  
**Country -** United Kingdom  
**Awarded for -** Discovery of mass spectrograph and enunciation of whole-number rule

**1922**

**Name - Fritz Pregl**  
**Country -** Austria  
**Awarded for -** Invention of the method of micro-analysis of organic compounds

**1923**

**Name - Richard Adolf Zsigmondy**  
**Country -** Hungary/Germany  
**Awarded for -** Demonstration of the heterogeneous nature of colloid solutions

**1925**

**Name - Theodor Svedberg**  
**Country -** Sweden  
**Awarded for -** Work on disperse systems

**1926**

**Name - Heinrich Otto Wieland**  
**Country -** Germany  
**Awarded for -** Investigations of the constitution of the bile acids and related substances

**1927**

**Name - Adolf Otto Reinhold Windaus**  
**Country -** Germany  
**Awarded for -** Research into the constitutions of the sterols and connections with vitamins

**1928**

**Name - Sir Arthur Harden**  
**Country -** United Kingdom  
**Name - Hans von Euler-Chelpin**  
**Country -** Germany  
**Awarded for -** Investigation on the fermentation of sugar and fermentative enzymes

**1929**

**Name - Hans Fischer**  
**Country -** Germany  
**Awarded for -** Research into the constitution of haemin and chlorophyll

**1930**

**Name - Friedrich Bergius**  
**Name - Carl Bosch**  
**Country -** Germany  
**Awarded for -** Invention and development of chemical high pressure methods

**1931**

**Name - Irving Langmuir  
Country -** United States  
**Awarded for -** Discoveries and investigations in surface chemistry

**1932**

**Name - Harold Clayton Urey  
Country -** United States**Awarded for -** Discovery of heavy hydrogen

**1934**

**Name - Jean Frédéric Joliot  
Name - Iréne Joliot-Curie  
Country -** France**Awarded for -** Synthesis of new radioactive elements

**1935**

**Name - Peter Josephus Wilhelmus Debye  
Country -** Netherlands**Awarded for -** Investigation on dipole moments, diffraction of X-ray, and electrons in gases

**1936**

**Name - Walter Norman Haworth  
Country -** United Kingdom**Awarded for -** Investigations on carbohydrates and vitamin C

**1937**

**Name - Paul Karrer  
Country -** Switzerland**Awarded for -** Investigations on carotenoids, flavins, and vitamins A and B2

**1937**

**Name - Richard Kuhn  
Country -** Germany**Awarded for -** Work on carotenoids and vitamins

**1938**

**Name - Adolf Friedrich Johann Butenandt  
Country -** Germany  
**Awarded for -** Work on sex hormones

**1939**

**Name - Leopold Ruzicka  
Country -** Croatia**Awarded for -** Work on polymethylenes and higher terpenes

**1939**

### 1943-1960

**Name - George de Hevesy**  
**Country -** Hungary  
**Awarded for -** Work on the use of isotopes as tracers in the study of chemical processes

**1943**

**Name - Otto Hahn**  
**Country -** Germany  
**Awarded for -** Discovery of the fission of heavy nuclei

**1944**

**Name - Artturi Ilmari Virtanen**  
**Country -** Finland  
**Awarded for -** Research and inventions in agricultural and nutrition chemistry, especially for his fodder preservation method

**1945**

**Name - Wendell Meredith Stanley**  
**Name - James Batcheller Sumner**  
**Name - John Howard Northrop**  
**Country -** United States  
**Awarded for -** Preparation of enzymes and virus proteins in a pure form

**1946**

**Name - Sir Robert Robinson**  
**Country -** United Kingdom  
**Awarded for -** Investigations on plant products of biological importance

**1947**

**Name - Arne Wilhelm Kaurin Tiselius**  
**Country -** Sweden  
**Awarded for -** Research on electrophoresis

**1948**

**Name - William Francis Giauque**  
**Country -** United States  
**Awarded for -** Contribution in the field of chemical thermodynamics, particularly concerning the behavior of substances at extremely low temperatures

**1949**

**Name - Kurt Alder**  
**Name -** Otto Paul Hermann Diels  
**Country -** Germany  
**Awarded for -** Discovery and development of the diene synthesis

**1950**

**Name - Glenn Theodore Seaborg**  
**Name - Edwin Mattison McMillan**  
**Country -** United States  
**Awarded for -** Discovery of transuranium elements

**1951**

**Name - Richard Laurence Millington Synge**  
**Name - Archer John Porter Martin**  
**Country -** United Kingdom  
**Awarded for -** Invention of partition chromatography

**1952**

**Name - Hermann Staudinger  
Country -** Germany  
**Awarded for -** Discoveries in macromolecular chemistry

**1953**

**Name - Linus Carl Pauling  
Country -** United States**Awarded for -** Research into the nature of the chemical bond

**1954**

**Name - Vincent du Vigneaud  
Country -** United States**Awarded for -** Work on biochemically important sulfur compounds, especially for the first synthesis of a polypeptide hormone

**1955**

****Name** - **Sir Cyril Norman Hinshelwood**  
**Country** -** United Kingdom****Name** - **Nikolay Nikolaevich Semenov**  
**Country** -** Russia****Awarded for** -** Research into the mechanism of chemical reactions

**1956**

**Name - Sir Alexander Todd  
Country -** United Kingdom**Awarded for -** Work on nucleotides and nucleotide co-enzymes

**1957**

**Name - Frederick Sanger  
Country -** United Kingdom**Awarded for -** Work on the structure of proteins (specially insulin)

**1958**

**Name - Jaroslav Heyrovský  
Country -** Czech Republic**Awarded for -** Discovery of the polarographic method of analysis

**1959**

**Name - Willard Frank Libby  
Country -** United States**Awarded for -** Method to use carbon-14 for age determination

**1960**

### 1961-1980

**Name - Melvin Calvin**  
**Country -** United States  
**Awarded for -** Research on the carbon dioxide assimilation in plants

**1961**

**Name - Max Ferdinand Perutz**  
**Name - John Cowdery Kendrew**  
**Country -** United Kingdom  
**Awarded for -** Work on structure of globular proteins

**1962**

**Name - Karl Ziegler**  
**Country -** Germany  
**Name - Giulio Natta**  
**Country -** Italy  
**Awarded for -** Discoveries in the field of the chemistry and technology of high polymers

**1963**

**Name - Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin**  
**Country -** United Kingdom  
**Awarded for -** Determinations by X-ray techniques of the structures of important biochemical substances

**1964**

**Name - Robert Burns Woodward**  
**Country -** United States  
**Awarded for -** Achievements in the art of organic synthesis

**1965**

**Name - Robert S. Mulliken**  
**Country -** United States  
**Awarded for -** Fundamental work concerning chemical bonds and the electronic structure of molecules by the molecular orbital method

**1966**

**Name - Manfred Eigen**  
**Country -** Germany  
**Name - George Porter**  
**Country -** United Kingdom  
**Name - Ronald George Wreyford Norrish**  
**Country -** United Kingdom  
**Awarded for -** Studies of extremely fast chemical reactions

**1967**

**Name - Lars Onsager**  
**Country -** United States  
**Awarded for -** Discovery of the Onsager reciprocal relations

**1968**

**Name - Derek H. R. Barton**  
**Country -** United Kingdom  
**Name - Odd Hassel**  
**Country -** Norway  
**Awarded for -** Development of the concept of conformation and its application in chemistry

**1969**

**Name - Luis F. Leloir**  
**Country -** Argentina  
**Awarded for -** Discovery of sugar nucleotides and its role in biosynthesis of carbohydrates

**1970**

**Name - Gerhard Herzberg  
Country -** Canada**Awarded for -** Work on electronic structure and geometry of molecules, particularly free radicals

**1971**

**Name - Christian B. Anfinsen  
Name - William H. Stein  
Name - Stanford Moore  
Country -** United States**Awarded for -** Work on ribonuclease concerning the connection between the amino acid sequence and the biologically active conformation

**1972**

**Name - Geoffrey Wilkinson  
Country -** United Kingdom**Name - Ernst Otto Fischer  
Country -** Germany**Awarded for -** Work on chemistry of the organometallic compounds (so-called sandwich compounds)

**1973**

**Name - Paul J. Flory  
Country -** United States**Awarded for -** Fundamental work, both theoretical and experimental, in the physical chemistry of macromolecules

**1974**

**Name - Vladimir Prelog  
Country -** Yugoslavia/Switzerland**Awarded for -** Research on stereochemistry of organic molecules and reactions

**1975**

**Name - John Warcup Cornforth  
Country -** Australia/United Kingdom**Awarded for -** Work on the stereochemistry of enzyme-catalyzed reactions

**1975**

**Name - William N. Lipscomb  
Country -** United States**Awarded for -** Study on the structure of boranes illuminating problems of chemical bonding

**1976**

**Name - Ilya Prigogine  
Country -** Belgium**Awarded for -** Contributions to non-equilibrium thermodynamics, particularly the theory of dissipative structures

**1977**

**Name - Peter D. Mitchell  
Country -** United Kingdom**Awarded for -** Work on biological energy transfer through the formulation of the chemiosmotic theory

**1978**

**Name - Georg Wittig**  
**Country -** Germany  
**Name - Herbert C. Brown**  
**Country -** United States  
**Awarded for -** Development and use of boron- and phosphorus-containing compounds

**1979**

**Name - Paul Berg**  
**Country -** United States  
**Awarded for -** Study of the biochemistry of nucleic acids regarding recombinant-DNA

**1980**

**Name - Walter Gilbert**  
**Country -** United States  
**Name - Frederick Sanger**  
**Country -** United Kingdom  
**Awarded for -** Work concerning the determination of base sequences in nucleic acids

**1980**

### 1981-2000

**Name - Roald Hoffmann**  
**Country -** United States  
**Name - Kenichi Fukui**  
**Country -** Japan  
**Awarded for -** Theories concerning the course of chemical reactions

**1981**

**Name - Aaron Klug**  
**Country -** United Kingdom  
**Awarded for -** Development of crystallographic electron microscopy

**1982**

**Name - Henry Taube**  
**Country -** Canada/United States  
**Awarded for -** Work on the mechanisms of electron transfer reactions, especially in metal complexes

**1983**

**Name - Robert Bruce Merrifield**  
**Country -** United States  
**Awarded for -** Methodology for chemical synthesis on a solid matrix

**1984**

**Name - Herbert A. Hauptman**  
**Name - Jerome Karle**  
**Country -** United States  
**Awarded for -** Developing direct methods for the determination of crystal structures

**1985**

**Name - Dudley R. Herschbach**  
**Country -** United States  
**Name - Yuan T. Lee**  
**Country -** United States/Taiwan  
**Name - John C. Polanyi**  
**Country -** Canada/Hungary  
**Awarded for -** Contribution concerning the dynamics of chemical elementary processes

**1986**

**Name - Charles J. Pedersen**  
**Country -** United States  
**Name - Jean-Marie Lehn**  
**Country -** France  
**Name - Donald J. Cram**  
**Country -** United States  
**Awarded for -** Development and use of molecules with structure-specific interactions of high selectivity

**1987**

**Name - Robert Huber**  
**Name - Hartmut Michel**  
**Name - Johann Deisenhofer**  
**Country -** Germany  
**Awarded for -** Determination of the three-dimensional structure of a photosynthetic reaction center

**1988**

**Name - Sidney Altman**  
**Country -** Canada/United States  
**Name - Thomas R. Cech**  
**Country -** United States  
**Awarded for -** Discovery of catalytic properties of RNA

**1989**

**Name - Elias James Corey**  
**Country -** United States  
**Awarded for -** Theory of organic synthesis

**1990**

**Name - Richard R. Ernst  
Country -** Switzerland**Awarded for -** Methodology of high resolution nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

**1991**

**Name - Richard R. Ernst  
Country -** Switzerland**Awarded for -** Methodology of high resolution nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

**1992**

**Name - Michael Smith  
Country -** Canada/United Kingdom**Awarded for -** Establishment of oligonucleotide-based, site-directed mutagenesis

**1993**

**Name - Kary B. Mullis  
Country -** United States**Awarded for -** Invention of the polymerase chain reaction method

**1993**

**Name - George A. Olah  
Country -** United States/Hungary**Awarded for -** Contribution to carbocation chemistry

**1994**

**Name - Paul J. Crutzen  
Country -** Netherlands**Awarded for -** Work in atmospheric chemistry concerning formation and decomposition of ozone

**1995**

**Name - Mario J. Molina  
Country -** Mexico/United States**Name - F. Sherwood Rowland  
Country -** United States**Awarded for -** Work in atmospheric chemistry concerning formation and decomposition of ozone

**1995**

**Name - Robert F. Curl Jr.  
Name - Richard E. Smalley  
Country -** United States**Name - Sir Harold W. Kroto  
Country -** United Kingdom**Awarded for -** Discovery of fullerenes

**1996**

**Name - Paul D. Boyer  
Country -** United States**Name - John E. Walker  
Country -** United Kingdom**Awarded for -** Elucidation of the enzymatic mechanism underlying the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate

**1997**

**Name - Jens C. Skou  
Country -** Denmark**Awarded for -** First discovery of an ion-transporting enzyme, Na+, K+ -ATPase

**1997**

**Name - Walter Kohn  
Country -** United States**Awarded for -** Development of the density-functional theory

**1998**

**Name - John A. Pople  
Country -** United Kingdom**Awarded for -** Development of computational methods in quantum chemistry

**1998**

**Name - Ahmed Zewail  
Country -** Egypt/United States**Awarded for -** Study of the transition states of chemical reactions using femtosecond spectroscopy

**1999**

**Name - Alan J. Heeger  
Country -** United States**Name - Alan G. MacDiarmid  
Country -** New Zealand/United States**Name - Hideki Shirakawa  
Country -** Japan**Awarded for -** Discovery and development of conductive polymers

**2000**

### 2001-2015

**Name - William S. Knowles**  
**Country -** United States  
**Name - Ryōji Noyori**  
**Country -** Japan  
**Name - K. Barry Sharpless**  
**Country -** United States  
**Awarded for -** Work on chirally catalyzed oxidation reactions

**2001**

**Name - John B. Fenn**  
**Country -** United States  
**Name - Koichi Tanaka**  
**Country -** Japan  
**Awarded for -** Development of soft desorption ionization methods for mass spectrometric analyzes of biological macromolecules

**2002**

**Name - Kurt Wüthrich**  
**Country -** Switzerland  
**Awarded for -** Development of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy for determining the three-dimensional structure of biological macromolecules in solution

**2002**

**Name - Peter Agre**  
**Country -** United States  
**Awarded for -** Discovery of water channels - aquaporins

**2003**

**Name - Roderick MacKinnon**  
**Country -** United States  
**Awarded for -** Discoveries concerning channels in cell membranes, studies of ion channels

**2003**

**Name - Aaron Ciechanover**  
**Country -** Israel  
**Name - Irwin Rose**  
**Country -** United States  
**Name - Avram Hershko**  
**Country -** Israel  
**Awarded for -** Discovery of ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation

**2004**

**Name - Yves Chauvin**  
**Country -** France  
**Name - Robert H. Grubbs**  
**Country -** United States  
**Name - Richard R. Schrock**  
**Country -** United States  
**Awarded for -** Development of the metathesis method in organic synthesis

**2005**

**Name - Roger D. Kornberg**  
**Country -** United States  
**Awarded for -** Study of the molecular basis of eukaryotic transcriptions

**2006**

**Name - Gerhard Ertl**  
**Country -** Germany  
**Awarded for -** Study of chemical processes on solid surfaces

**2007**

**Name - Osamu Shimomura**  
**Country -** Japan  
**Name - Martin Chalfie**  
**Country -** United States  
**Name - Roger Y. Tsien**  
**Country -** United States  
**Awarded for -** Discovery of the green fluorescent protein

**2008**

**Name - Venkatraman Ramakrishnan  
Name - Thomas A. Steitz  
Country -** United States**Name - Ada E. Yonath  
Country -** Israel**Awarded for -** Study of the structure and function of ribosome

**2009**

**Name - Richard F. Heck  
Country -** United States**Name - Ei-ichi Negishi  
Country -** China/United States**Name - Akira Suzuki  
Country -** Japan**Awarded for -** Work on palladium-catalyzed cross couplings in organic synthesis

**2010**

**Name - Dan Shechtman  
Country -** Israel**Awarded for -** Discovery of quasicrystals

**2011**

**Name - Robert Lefkowitz  
Name - Brian Kobilka  
Country -** United States**Awarded for -** Study of G-protein-coupled receptors

**2012**

**Name - Martin Karplus  
Country -** United States/Austria**Name - Michael Levitt  
Country -** United Kingdom/United States/Israel**Name - Arieh Warshel  
Country -** United States/Israel**Awarded for -** The development of multiscale models for complex chemical systems.

**2013**

**Name - Eric Betzig  
Name - Moerner, William E.  
Name - Stefan Hell  
Country -** United States, United States and Germany respectively  
**Awarded for -** Development of super-resolved fluorescence microscopy.

**2014**

**Name - Tomas Lindahl  
Name - Paul L. Modrich  
Name - Aziz Sancar  
Country -** Sweden, United States and Turkey respectively**Awarded for -** Mechanistic studies of DNA repair.

**2015**